Scientific laws are universal (they are pretty much guaranteed to happen) however, there can be certain conditions that can make it seem like these laws have stopped working: however, this is not the case, these laws are still working it's just the certain conditions have been met to make the laws not apply as strongly.
In other words, some laws can have ‘small exceptions’ to the main rule.
For example:
The law of Gravity
This law of gravity states that a mass (material made of atoms) attracts other masses of smaller or equal size to its center [1].
A good example of gravity is planet earth and the living creatures that live on it. Earth is the larger mass here and living creatures are the much smaller mass here, and since living creatures live on or slightly below the surface of earth, they are directly impacted by Earth’s gravity field, and thus are attracted to the center (core) of planet Earth.
So, this natural law of Gravity is why living creatures don’t just jump into space but rather come back down, and why they also fall off of mountains, cliffs, buildings etc.: and this is especially why every living thing on Earth doesn’t just float up into the sky and eventually into space but stays near or on the surface of Earth (on the ground/on or in the water).
Even though this rule is always sound (when jumping a living creature will always come back down) and cannot be broken, there are some few exceptions to the main rule when the right conditions are meet:
While, for the main part, gravity on Earth is too strong for many living organisms to get even a little distance from Earth’s surface, however some creatures do and seem to defy the law of gravity:
Birds and bats! How is this possible?
Birds and Bats seem to defy the law of gravity because they are lighter than most other creatures on Earth, and their bodies are perfectly designed for flight: since they have lightweight aerodynamic bodies and their feathers/paper-thin skin are also lightweight and provide a lot of surface area; they can produce force with their wings by flapping them and stir the air around their wings to activating a force called ‘lift’, with this they are able to get off the ground and fly in midair by getting air pressure to ‘push’ them up and thus reduce the effects of gravity on their body and thus seem to defy gravity.[2]
And As long as they are in flight they can ride above the surface of Earth and reduce the effects of Earth’s gravity; so even though it seems Birds and Bats break the law of Gravity, in reality, they are still being pulled towards the center of the Earth; it's just the conditions have been met (the force of air pressure is enough to push their lightweight bodies away from the gravity of the ground) to make an ‘exception’ to this law. (This is also why human-made airplanes: which are based of the body design of birds, seem to break the law of Gravity).
Another perfect example of this (though not a living creature) is a rocket: A human-made rocket can not only resist Earth’s gravity and fly straight into the air, but can actually go all the way into space and leave Earth’s gravitational force completely; but how? Does gravity not affect rocket ships? Of course not, it’s the exact opposite!
The rocket flies because of the enormous explosion in the fuel engine that comes out of the rocket and hit the ground: this explosion hitting the ground produces a force called ‘thrust’ that pushes the rocket away from the ground through a large amount of energy that is able to overpower the force of gravity on the rocket to stay on the ground and though this power the rocket is pushed away from earth into the sky, and this explosion is so powerful that it pushes the rocket way out into space far away from Earth’s main gravity field [3].
So as long the rockets explosion power is more than the pull of Earth’s gravity it can escape Earth and the atmosphere and seem to defy gravity completely, but in reality, it's just that the conditions have been met (the thrust of the reaction is more powerful than the force of gravity) that makes an ‘exception’ to the law of gravity.
So in these two examples we see, even though the law of gravity states a lager mass will attract a smaller mass to its center, can have an ‘exception’ or small condition to the main rule:
For the law of gravity this rule is if the smaller mass can have enough power to overpower the force of gravity to lessen or even escape entirety the force of gravity.
Conclusion
Thus, this proves there can be ‘exceptions' or conditions to a least 1 scientific rule: and most likely there are natural exceptions/conditions to other rules of nature as well.
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Sources:
[1]
[A]
Encyclopedia Brittanica ‘Newton’s law of gravitation’ aug 15 2023 by Encyclopedia Britannica
Website:
https://www.britannica.com/science/Newtons-law-of-gravitation
[B]
Pg 361 Chapter 11 “Motion” Section 1 “Distance and Displacement”“Miller & Levine Biology” by Kenneth R. Miller and Joseph S. Levine Pearson Education Inc. 2010 Edition Upper Saddle River New Jersey.
[2]
[A]
Discover wildlife ‘How do birds fly?’By BBC Wildlife MagazinePublished: January 25, 2023 at 2:15 PM
Website:
https://www.discoverwildlife.com/animal-facts/birds/how-do-birds-fly/
[B]
AFP ‘How Do Bats Fly? Ooh!’ Posted onLast updated: August 11, 2021 By AuthorDaniel
Website:
https://www.animalfoodplanet.com/how-do-bats-fly/
[3]
Science learning hub ‘Lift-off’ on 30 November 2011 by New Zealand government
Website: